Dear friends, have you ever thought about this fact: Bitcoin has been attacked every day, but no one succeeded, so you don't know about those attacks. The software is always gradually improved in the cycle of "attacked → upgraded → attacked → upgraded". Bitcoin is a software, and it is inseparable from this cycle. As long as the Bitcoin ledger is still there, what are you afraid of? Algorithms and codes can be upgraded and changed at any time. When the system faces a real crisis, a hard fork procedure will save us all. Bitcoin's software has never been afraid of being attacked, since the ledger is its core.
In fact, if you are worried about quantum computers cracking your private keys, you need to have a deeper understanding of Bitcoin's private key system. "Private key→Public key" + "Public key→Address" two-layer asymmetric encryption protects the security of your private key. As long as your cold wallet address has not sent out coins, or you change to a new address every time after you sent coins, you have not exposed the private key. And nobody will be able to use the public key to deduce your private key. Your wallet address will still be the safest.
If you are worried about the quantum computer cracking the private key, you need to deepen your understanding of probability theory. Although someone always calculates the total number of Bitcoin private keys, theoretically speaking, the number of Bitcoin private keys can reach an unlimited number in the future. Even if the report of quantum computers is true, which is that it only takes a few minutes or even a few seconds to use quantum computers for calculus for tens of thousands of years, it is only a small "probability" that the private key can be deduced from the public key in a few minutes or a few seconds. You must know that even if ordinary computers enumerate randomly with brute force method, they always have a small "probability" to crack private keys.
If you are still worried about quantum computers cracking the private key, you need to deepen your understanding of game theory. Technology is just the skin of Bitcoin, and game theory is the soul of Bitcoin's survival. Quantum computers have never conflicted with Bitcoin's game theory. For example, mining pools can theoretically unite to launch a 51% attack on Bitcoin. Why don't they do this? In theory, the United States can throw an atomic bomb on any country. Why doesn't it do so? It's simple: because cost (before the event) + cost (after the event)> benefit. So, can you name a reason to attack Bitcoin with quantum computers? Anyway, I can't give a reason to attack Bitcoin's network, since "cost (pre-event) + cost (post-event)> benefit".
Still worried? Let’s not mention about the fact that quantum computers that can crack private keys will appear after decades. What’s more important is that quantum computers of this level will only be built by very few organizations for quite a long time, and the eyes of the world are staring. Every move from those computers will be high-cost; they spend a high cost to attack only a few private keys. What would be the reason for this?
I've seen it before that quantum computers can be used to mine Bitcoin. If you dig too fast, you will make the difficulty higher, so it still reaches a balance. Not to mention whether it is technically possible. This is because the average output per unit time of Bitcoin is fixed.
--- Translated from http://losercointalk.org/thread?topicId=1490
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