Thursday, February 9, 2023

Beginner’s Guide to Cryptocurrency Trading and Investing. (By Investment Mastery UK)

Cryptocurrency Course - Investment Mastery UK

Cryptocurrency is a simple, interesting concept to signify digital money that anybody can send and receive without the involvement of banks or governments as an intermediary. Transactions are carried out and recorded on a decentralised ledger stored on computers worldwide.

Because cryptocurrencies are still a relatively new technology, they are primarily famous among early adopters. However, recent developments are allowing us to enter a new exciting phase of global mass adoption. Leading exchanges, custodians, wallets, and crypto platforms push the boundaries to make engaging and producing wealth easier for everyone. It’s a watershed moment for a vibrant ecosystem of financial infrastructure, which has the potential to reinvigorate current legacy payment and financial systems. It has also triggered a new wave of capital investment and the adoption of these systems.

What is ‘Cryptocurrency Trading’ and How Does It Work?

Let us first define the term “trading” before moving on to cryptocurrency trading. Trading can be described as the practice of purchasing and selling assets for a profit. Goods and services are examples of assets that can be exchanged between trading parties. We’re talking about financial markets, which are where financial instruments are traded. Stocks, money, cryptocurrencies, margin goods, and so on are examples of financial markets. Trading is typically thought of as a short-term endeavour; nevertheless, many people are misled by this notion. Cryptocurrency trading is the practice of purchasing and selling money or assets digitally, without the involvement of banks or the government.

Our cryptocurrency course educates you and helps you to better understand cryptocurrency trading through practical and mind-gripping examples. Our experienced professionals take you through this journey of managing finances efficiently and earning profits through cryptocurrencies.

Each cryptocurrency is a microcosm of culture, complete with memes, aesthetics, terminology, trusted voices, and power structure. Purchasing one is more than just a financial investment; it’s also a statement of self-identity.

Distinction between Investing and Trading:

Investing differs from trading – trading focuses on earning profits faster, whereas investment focuses on holding assets for the long term. We must look for long-term patterns and ignore short-term swings in the market while making any investment. Trading focuses more on short-term swings; therefore, understanding the daily market is necessary while trading to avoid risks or losses. At the end of the day, every human’s primary purpose is to earn money in the form of dollars or other currencies.

Every day, new coins are created, but only a tiny percentage of them survive. The products that offer the best technology or solve a complex challenge are sometimes the winners. At Investment Mastery, we teach you to both invest and trade cryptocurrencies at lower or no risk. How to safely invest or trade is a smart game that we help you to learn.

Concept of Blockchain:

When the word “blockchain” is mentioned, most people’s eyes glaze over. It has already spawned entire industries—and entirely new ways to make money. Bitcoin proponents promote it as a store of value (“digital gold”), a medium of exchange (albeit less so presently due to volatility), and an inflation hedge. The primary purpose of Bitcoin investment is to obtain more coins. For example, if you buy four Bitcoins at a given price, the value of your entire asset will increase proportionally to the coin price after a few years.

There’s Bitcoin, Ethereum, Dogecoin, SafeMoon, Chainlink, Solana, Polkadot, Polygon, Cardano, and a whole lot more that define a blockchain. BTC is the abbreviation for Bitcoin. Bitcoin is the first widely used cryptocurrency, which is just another word for “digital money.”

Interrelation Between Cryptocurrencies and Blockchain:

In cryptocurrencies, confirmation is a crucial idea; only miners may confirm transactions. Blockchain miners accept transactions, verify their legitimacy, and broadcast them to the rest of the network. In conclusion, cryptocurrencies are part of a Blockchain-based ecosystem.

Blockchain is a technology that functions as a distributed ledger for the network and power Bitcoin. The network facilitates the exchange of value and information by providing a means of transaction. Cryptocurrencies are the tokens that are used to send value and pay for transactions on these networks. They can be thought of as Blockchain-based tools.

Five Key Components For Effecting Trading Strategy:

An appropriate plan of action:

The strategy is the long-term action plan you’ll be putting in place for dealing with Bitcoins. Several tiny techniques must be included in your Bitcoin trading strategy to be appropriate and acceptable for your trading strategy. It would help if you decided whether to use the hedging or holding strategy. In some situations, holding is the best option, while in others, hedging is the best option. With these considerations in mind, it will be simple to devise a plan that will enable you to profit handsomely from Bitcoin trading.

Goals for each day:

No one who has been a Bitcoin trader for a long time will join the market without a daily goal in mind. When working with Bitcoins, you don’t need to have a long-term plan but set specific goals. It’s important to remember that the purpose of trading is to create little profits from daily transactions. It would be best to understand that Bitcoin trading will not make you a millionaire on your first trading day, so set small daily goals for yourself.

Wallet and exchange:

Two of the most critical components to include in your Bitcoin trading plan are exchange and wallet. There are numerous cryptocurrency exchanges and wallets available on the internet; however, you must select the finest one. For purchasing the best wallet, several essential things must be considered: reputation, services, after-sale services, and many more.

Financial Risks:

Anonymity is a good thing. Purchasing goods and services with cryptocurrency is done online and does not require disclosing one’s personal information. With growing concerns about identity theft and privacy, cryptocurrencies may provide users with some privacy benefits. For identifying users or customers, many exchanges use different Know-Your-Customer (KYC) methods. The KYC process used by exchanges allows financial organisations to limit financial risk while preserving the anonymity of wallet owners.

Market Movements:

Extreme swings in the market. Because of their high volatility, cryptocurrencies are prone to attracting speculative attention and investors. Intraday price changes can present traders with excellent profit chances, but they also carry a higher risk. 24-hour market. The cryptocurrency market, unlike the stock and commodity markets, is not physically transacted from a single location. Individuals can conduct cryptocurrency transactions in a variety of locations throughout the world.

Ways to Make Money Through Cryptocurrency:

1. Invest in Blockchain trading companies:

In the next several years, blockchain might become a key aspect of finance, technology, and a variety of other industries, or it could take much longer. As a result, it’s a good idea to concentrate on companies that will undoubtedly profit from the evolution of blockchain technology but will be fine even if their blockchain objectives fail. Hundreds of publicly traded companies use blockchain technology in their operations, provide clients with blockchain-related services, or participate in the crypto industry. Some companies are solely focused on blockchain technology and/or cryptocurrencies, while others are incorporating blockchain-related products and services into an already successful business model.

2. Invest in solid cryptos in big caps and small caps:

A new cryptocurrency network could quickly rise through the ranks and overtake other platforms. Staying informed about market events is the best thing you can do as an investor.

3. Investing in ICO:

The cryptocurrency industry’s equivalent of an initial public offering (IPO) is an initial coin offering (ICO) (IPO). An initial coin offering (ICO) is a way for a firm to raise funding to develop a new coin, app, or service. In exchange for their investment, interested investors can acquire a new cryptocurrency token developed by the firm. This token might be used to purchase a product or service from the firm, or it could simply represent an interest in the company or project.

4. Crypto staking:

This is a method of securing a portion of one’s cryptocurrency in order to contribute to a blockchain network. This is beneficial to the network, and it also allows cryptocurrency holders to earn money from coins that are simply sitting in their wallets. Those who choose to participate in crypto staking must promise not to withdraw their cryptocurrencies until the end of the agreed-upon time period. This also aids the network in gaining some advantages.

How To Place a Trade Using PCA?

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a statistical method that uses an orthogonal transformation to convert a set of correlated variables into a set of uncorrelated components. The goal of PCA is to reduce the number of dimensions in the data while maintaining as much variation (information) as possible. Principal Component Analysis is a dimensionality reduction technique that, in essence, creates a new variable that contains the majority of the information in the original variable. Normalising the inputs are required before performing PCA which is what we teach in our course.

Using our Compounding Calculator will show you how you the potential gains available with our low-risk strategies we teach in our course. It is recognised and approved by almost every stock trading regulatory body for the investments.

How to Open a Broker Account?

The accounts are comparable to stockbrokers in that they allow you to purchase and sell digital currencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Dogecoin. The best cryptocurrency exchanges make it simple to buy and sell the currencies you choose, with low fees and strong security measures.

It’s vital to consider supported currencies, pricing, withdrawal choices, and security when choosing the best cryptocurrency exchange for your needs, which is what we teach in our course while compiling this list of the best cryptocurrency exchanges.

About “Investment Mastery UK”:

Investment Mastery's objective is to assist our clients in achieving financial independence for themselves and their family by providing various online trading courses, stock trading courses, and investment courses from a leading financial education company. Most individuals understand how to work hard for their money, but only a few know how to make their money work hard for them.

Investment Mastery UK has designed a compounding calculator to help you learn how to build your money quickly over time by utilizing our compound interest calculator


Cardano Daily Discussion - February 10, 2023

Hello everyone,

Welcome to the Cardano Daily Discussion!

The standard sub rules apply here (see sidebar), with the exception that price discussion is allowed in this thread, though we encourage you to try not to make this the focus and talk about the project itself. Please ask questions, help others and be civil - be sure to get involved in Project Catalyst too!

If you're new, please make sure you're read through the newbies guide and share it with others (use the ?newbies comment command to reference it).

⚠️ Scam Warning ⚠️

Please read the Cybersecurity guidelines for Cardano Users.

There are ongoing giveaway scams on youtube and many scammers lurking in Cardano's social channels impersonating ambassadors/moderators/official staff contacting users via direct messages.

For example, searching 'cardano' on youtube and sorting by most recent upload date shows several giveaway scams running (all videos in screenshot are scams):

Ongoing 'giveaway' scams on Youtube

The youtube scams are automated; use stolen footage usually of Charles Hoskinson and are restreamed so to appear to be 'live'; appear to have many watchers (which are bots); use bought hacked channels and are edited to appear like official channels.

See this post for more examples of what they look like

Do not be fooled!

To be clear:

  • ⚠️ There is no such thing as a Cardano giveaway
  • ⚠️ Never share your seed phrase with ANYONE
  • ⚠️ Never send ADA to someone promising to send you more ADA back
  • ⚠️ You will never be contacted by ambassadors/moderators/staff

Please report scams on the Cardano Fraud Detection Bureau.

⚠️ Scam Warning ⚠️

https://preview.redd.it/60ofludzpq8a1.png?width=284&format=png&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=7d58fc8aaa2eb5f125624608b97bdd7b943a1111

Midnight Subreddit

In anticipation of Input Output's new data protection blockchain 'Midnight', I've managed to acquire r/Midnight through some negotiation and repurpose it for the Cardano Community (the sub was created for a card game back in 2011 but was mostly unused).

I decided to do this as I thought the project will eventually need a home on reddit and best to setup now before any scammers do. Obviously there's not much to post about on there right now as it's early days as the project is yet to be released, but if you'd like to be kept up to date on the project please feel free to join the new subreddit if the project interests you and I'll be sure to post updates as and when they become available.

Right now the sub is mostly a carbon copy of r/cardano, I've copied most of the automod and rules over, so certain aspects may seem a little incongruent atm, but I'll tailor and tweak the sub as we go. Feel free to send me or post any input if you want stuff to change.

Cheers all


Bitcoin price more correlated to FTX developments than macro events: Research

https://cointelegraph.com/news/bitcoin-price-more-correlated-to-ftx-developments-than-macro-events-research

EU | UK | PC | CHERNARUS | 30 SLOT | ENGLAND RP PVE NO RAIDS OR KOS PVP ZONES

ENGLAND |RP |PVE |NO BASE RAID |NO KOS

Hello survivor are you looking for a new place to call home? Well we have the perfect brand new server for you with a friendly community looking for. ☆Active members ☆Clans ☆Role play jobs ☆Experienced and freshie

PLAYER START CASH: 50K

IP: 51.89.239.17:2518

MAP: Chernarusplus

PLAYER SLOT : 0/30

VERSION: 1.19

➡️MOD-LIST⬅️

➼Unlimited stamina ➼80+ custom cars ➼Garage mod green mountain ➼Much stuff pack ➼Cs_mvs_clothing ➼Cf ➼Much car keys ➼Pve/Pvp zones ➼Server panel ➼Teddy weapons ➼Flip vehicles ➼Build anywhere ➼Drugs plus ➼Cannabis plus ➼More drugs and effects ➼Role play clothes ➼Territory clan claim ➼More doors + EMD ➼Cabins ➼More flags ➼No vehicle damages ➼Code lock ➼SchanaParty ➼Advance banking ➼Multiple traders + fixes and features ➼VPP map ➼Dayz dog ➼Player tombstone ➼Better drinks ➼Builder items. ➼Natural overhaul . ➼Collectables - 107 pokemon cards, bitcoin, jewellery and lots more!. ➼Gore blood ➼Active Events. ➼Role play. ➼Ear Plugs. ➼Disabled garden plots. ➼DB surfaces. ➼Auto run. ➼Upgraded air drops. ➼Extra fish & bugs ➼Bullet stacking. ➼Simple building ➼Base building plus ➼Animal farming ➼Key card rooms ➼Custom areas Much much more!

Dayz launcher: Find our server https://dayzsalauncher.com/#/home

EnglandRP social reddit: share your experience https://www.reddit.com/r/EnglandDayzServer?utm_medium=android_app&utm_source=share

We really hope to see you in discord and in game soon.

https://discord.gg/XphY5THW3a


Bitcoin and altcoins pop to the upside, but upcoming macro events could cap the rally

https://blockchainbeat.co/bitcoin-and-altcoins-pop-to-the-upside-but-upcoming-macro-events-could-cap-the-rally/?feed_id=7927&_unique_id=63e596b98a45d

Things I'd like to see on ICP but I have no dev skills.

To DFINITY

These are some of the things I'd like to see.

The NNS to have a fiat on-ramp (needs more than dev skills).

The NNS to be available as an app.

The NNS to have a limits, for example a cap on devices and authentication type. So if I want to transfer Bitcoin on the app, using my face to sign in, I can only transfer $250 (or whatever you set). If I want to transfer up to $500 on the app, I have to use my Yubikey (with NFC). If I want to transfer an unlimited amount then I have to be at my PC using my YubiKey.

The NNS to have a "go to" account, in the event of me not logging into the NNS for a period of time (which I set), the funds will automatically be sent to an address I pre-determine. This will cover people in the event of a unexpected and quick death, or simply being locked out.

It would also be amazing if there was an ICB, an Internet Computer Browser! Something a little bit like Brave but with the NNS wallet built in, paying in sats or ICP (if you decide to watch ads). The browser would be on-chain and you would connect to it via an encrypted remote session.

Edit: I think it'd be brilliant to have your favourites on-chain, password manager for Web2 on-chain in the browser. Laptop dies, no problem, just connect your new laptop. I guess each browser would be a canister, any calls to a website in Web3 (ICP) would be really simple as they never leave the ICP network, anything to Web2 and it'll essentially act as a proxy.

I think something like this would really put ICP on the map.

Are any of these possible or in the pipeline?


Ouroborus Genesis explained - An educational post by Sooraj (Cardano Ambassador)

Author: Sooraj

Source: Twitter post

https://preview.redd.it/svgxr0ect7ha1.jpg?width=1494&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=7e6c98e1f02c3810750eb21d756d3b4754273b1b

Bitcoin is the only blockchain that offers Dynamic participation for validator nodes in a decentralized environment. None of the PoS blockchains can offer this but Ouroborus Genesis will make Cardano the first PoS blockchain with this capability.

How? Here's a Thread...

Ouroboros Genesis is a highly anticipated upgrade to the consensus protocol of Cardano in 2022. This upgrade is designed to address the issues of costless simulation and the bootstrapping problem and mitigate the threat of long-range attacks in a decentralized, open environment.

To understand how Ouroborus Genesis will give Cardano the same security guarantees of Bitcoin.

We need to start from the basics to understand this topic from a first principles perspective!

For that let's start form Bitcoin

Bitcoin uses an immutable ledger with strong security guarantees through PoW This provides a high level of security & enables a decentralized and secure network structure Which allows parties to join and leave the network at will (a.k.a. Dynamic Availability)

https://preview.redd.it/yhhonnzdt7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=6e20a29ac86f99ac625f9a607df3441ecf11ed73

So, how does that work? PoW uses computational resources, specifically the process of hashing, to produce new blocks, meaning, adding a block to the Bitcoin blockchain requires using processing power, resulting in energy consumption for each block added to the chain.

https://preview.redd.it/e86dik1kt7ha1.png?width=839&format=png&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=5d9c0c0bd137f57e5232c989e088860c9089edf4

The difficulty of producing a chain increases with its length, making it computationally expensive to produce blocks. Meaning, adding blocks to a blockchain requires processing power, so a longer blockchain uses more energy, and nodes will always choose it over a shorter one.

https://preview.redd.it/j7z0nkart7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=f0418576906321b4c5191416c8124ad2ebbe1c45

This expense, which is in the form of electricity costs, prevents dishonest nodes from producing multiple different blocks. As a result, nodes will always adopt the chain with the most energy consumed - commonly referred to as the “longest chain.”

https://preview.redd.it/8o7pxb5xt7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=146fb3e4c55b13e19e28cb5c9c4dee4e180af764

This makes it easier for the new nodes joining the system to select the honest chain, which in turn allows the network (validators) to join & leave the network at any given time and keep the network secure. In short, this enables the dynamic availability of the Bitcoin network.

But PoW comes with some problems. As PoW relies on puzzle-solving, that becomes harder as more parties join the network. This leads to an ever-increasing demand for energy, which has become a major concern for the future of the network and it also creates "Composability issues".

https://preview.redd.it/2inwgc25u7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=c7909187cc764c059e5fb8bd6a3f864a8172ee9f

Composability refers to the ability of different protocols or systems to work together seamlessly, without introducing unintended consequences or breaking their intended functionality. But in the case of Bitcoin, reliance on PoW creates composability issues.

In PoW blockchains, issues can arise when other protocols use the same cryptographic puzzle-solving process as mining. Miners can potentially try to double the value of their effort by using the same hash query for both chains, leading to inefficiencies & security vulnerabilities.

Due to these limitations of PoW, the search was on for an alternative mechanism to secure the ledger. This led to the introduction of proof-of-stake (PoS) systems, which use virtual resources (stake) to secure the network instead of physical resources (hashing power).

PoS systems are based on the idea that PoS systems can enhance scalability & energy efficiency while preserving security features of the ledger, by allowing parties to extend the blockchain based on the number of coins they own instead of relying on computing power.

https://preview.redd.it/aeer3orsu7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=1fa00b6f621a427a879864069941d04963eeadc5

Although several PoS-based proposals have been developed over time with formal security proofs. It does come with some trade-offs, in particular, these protocols can restrict the dynamic availability of participants compared to PoW-based systems. Why? let's dig a bit deeper!

Although PoS protocols are more scalable & energy efficient, they currently have some fundamental drawbacks. Among these are:

  • the nothing-at-stake / costless simulation problem
  • long-range attacks
  • and the Bootstrapping problem

As no physical resources are needed to produce blocks in PoS, it is possible to build an alternative history of the blockchain and create multiple competing chains at no cost, where in PoW, energy costs must be incurred for each competing chain.

The nothing-at-stake problem/costless simulation occurs when a block producer evaluates the likelihood of two branches A and B, of a blockchain and decides to work on both rather than just one.

https://preview.redd.it/2f5c1prav7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=824d9a45aea394baee3422cc15a0a435f0c8392c

This results in the block producer having a higher expected reward and no chain containing the highest stake leading to the network not reaching a consensus on the canonical branch. The costless simulation then results in another problem known as long-range attacks.

Here the attacker builds a long chain by forking from an earlier point in the primary blockchain and continues to add blocks to this chain. This makes it difficult for new participants to determine which chain to support.

https://preview.redd.it/lp7gglohv7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=a70fc8ce156187b39514e802c694d893a8c70817

To mitigate this, checkpoints are established along the blockchain and any fork starting before a checkpoint is considered invalid. However, for new participants or validators who have been offline for a period of time, it can be difficult to determine the longest chain.

This makes them vulnerable to joining a malicious chain and this gives rise to the “Bootstrapping Problem” where new validators joining the network potentially end up joining the malicious chain increasing the network’s vulnerability to long-range attacks.

So how does PoS survive?

So now let's take a look at how PoS-BFT protocols like (Ethereum, Algorand, etc.) try to solve the problem of costless simulation. In PoS BFT protocols, the consensus is reached among the nodes running the protocol on all blocks.

https://preview.redd.it/l5lxce53w7ha1.png?width=662&format=png&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=0ae3e291631c40a76b863e5535cf2f4d82dec02a

This eliminates the occurrence of forks, and thereby, the need to resolve disagreements. However, in order to effectively operate the protocol must be aware of the level of participation of nodes in the network at any given time.

Because its impossible to make the network dynamically available & also know the level of participation at the same time. With PBFT; you throw away dynamic availability. On top of that Ethereum implements measures like freezing staked coins & slashing to deter malicious activity.

https://preview.redd.it/g4z82r8bw7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=e5363bdf25eab5de13d77323de536dd28b90484c

This disincentivizes the involvement of honest parties with smaller stakes in the network, thereby decreasing the decentralization of the Ethereum network. So now let's take a look at how Cardano is taking the problem of Costless Simulation with the Ouroborus praos protocol.

Ouroboros Praos is the current consensus mechanism used in Cardano, and it takes a different approach to ensure the security and integrity of the network compared to traditional consensus mechanisms like Proof of Work (PoW) or PoS-BFT protocols.

Key word: Verifiable Random Function (VRF) A verifiable random function is a cryptographic function that takes a series of inputs, computes them and produces a pseudorandom output along with a proof of authenticity that can be verified by anyone. How is it used by Praos?

It uses a VRF to elect a node as the slot leader for each block. Here's how it works: Before each epoch, a stake distribution snapshot is taken, the previous epoch’s randomness seed is used as input for the VRF of each node, this is used to generate a pseudo-random number.

The node with the highest number becomes the slot leader and creates the block, encrypting the number into the block header. All other nodes use their own VRF to validate the election outcome.

https://preview.redd.it/i94rtkyvw7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=0dd44a104849d784b17a8cd974d7aa0d6216b44e

The protocol restricts that a slot leader cannot extend the chain with multiple blocks for the same slot, therefore all honest parties extend their chain by at most one block per slot. This prevents malicious behaviour of slot leaders.

The outcome of the slot leader election is not revealed until the block is signed or the node wins itself. At the end of each epoch, all the numbers encrypted into the block headers are combined and it is used to calculate the randomness seed for the next epoch.

This creates an endless cycle of

  • Stake distribution snapshot
  • VRF generation
  • and randomness seed calculation

that repeats throughout each epoch

https://preview.redd.it/q4a86sx7x7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=0e6ef53a8f18aa494ba082026cc21848d4a4183a

The blockchain is maintained through the longest chain rule, meaning, the slot leaders add a block to the end of the longest chain they have observed and then broadcast it to the network. But how does Ouroboros praos resist long-range attacks?

https://preview.redd.it/mbg140ecx7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=f4b66b3488c6ffba17527677ceab8b32a8a205c2

In praos, a form of rolling checkpointing is employed to prevent a long-range attack. This is known as the "bounded-depth longest-chain rule” i.e., the nodes adopt a valid new chain. Only if it is longer & does not fork by more than "k" blocks from the local chain.

https://preview.redd.it/iliceqyhx7ha1.jpg?width=680&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=cf41fe63f0f9726af7d0f09fdcdba2ef98df9572

But this comes with two main limitations,

1st one:

  • The Online parties maintain a moving checkpoint

Meaning, the newly joined parties would need trusted advice. This is not desirable when it comes to decentralization (The bootstrapping problem).

2nd one :

  • There is a fixed & known lower bound on participation

Meaning, protocol must be aware of the minimum no: of participants at any given time. Meaning, no flexible participation. The protocol might be stalled if there is a sudden drop in the no: of validator nodes.

This is most probably the reason why Cardano stalled for ca. 7 minutes during the event last month, which caused a huge number of nodes (>50%) to go offline, and when those nodes came back online the protocol picked it from there and started producing blocks again.

https://preview.redd.it/pnn32hzzx7ha1.jpg?width=891&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=e5977ca6acfdaa3aa9866e865993a75dfe88eec4

Because of the above mentioned limitations of the "Ouroborus praos" Cardano cannot currently allow dynamic participation, the ability of validators to join or leave the network in a flexible, constantly changing manner without disrupting the functioning of the network.

And as a matter of fact, none of the PoS blockchains can allow dynamic participation. Protocols like Algorand would stall if there was a sudden drop in participation of more than 30% of nodes at any given time, but Ouroborus genesis can enable dynamic participation. How?

Ouroboros Genesis introduces the Plenitude Rule. A game-changing "chain selection solution" that solves the bootstrapping problem by allowing the new nodes joining the network to detect the honest chain, without any trusted information. So how does it work?

Researchers have proved that, if the majority of parties follow the protocol, then at any sufficiently long time segment, the honest chain will be denser, especially after a fork, meaning, adversarial chains shortly after forking exhibit a less dense block distribution.

So when multiple chains of similar length are available, the Plenitude Rule looks for the point at which the chains diverge regarding their block distribution, it then divides the most recent past from the history of the chain into periods.

https://preview.redd.it/845icysuy7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=be08b83459b097618c0818af6f7badf651d3ec5e

And then determines which chain has the densest block distribution, after the divergence point/forking, then the nodes in the network can adopt a chain, which also has the densest block distribution after forking.

https://preview.redd.it/1m5alriyy7ha1.jpg?width=900&format=pjpg&auto=webp&v=enabled&s=7e0adebead363d14ce0f96e93dbc28f29bc26247

So with Ouroborus Genesis, the nodes that are new to the network or have been offline for a while can re-join and be guaranteed to download the correct version of the chain, as long as there are enough honest parties (an assumption that Bitcoin also makes).

Furthermore, with Plenitude Rule "Ouroborus genesis" makes it possible to guarantee that no one can counterfeit their way into creating a block during someone else’s slot, making it impossible for a single node to create a fake chain.

So “The Genesis version” of the Ouroborus protocol will be the first PoS protocol that is mathematically proven to guarantee persistence & liveness in both synchronous & semi-synchronous settings under the assumption of an honest majority participating. just like Bitcoin.

TL;DR

Ouroboros Genesis will make Cardano more secure than other PoS protocols - that requires at least 2/3 honest participants (e.g. Ethereum Casper, Algorand) and is equally secure as Bitcoin but with much lower energy expenditure & better performance.